![]() Until 1932 the South remained an impoverished and undiversified region. After Reconstruction ended (1877), the white-dominated South’s continuing insistence on the inferiority and subordination of African Americans through a system of legalized racial control measures known as Jim Crow laws resulted in the replacement of slavery with three institutions: the economic system of sharecropping (tenant farming), the political system of one-party politics ( Democratic), and the social system of racial segregation, supported by law and custom. Recovering slowly from this destruction, much of the South continued to rely largely on a one-crop economy-cotton, tobacco, or rice-and to cultivate the crops with the labour of African American freedmen. In many areas, cropland was ruined, livestock lost, railroads destroyed, and billions of dollars in slave-related investments wiped out. The ensuing Civil War (1861–65) wrought immense destruction on much of the South, which emerged the loser in the conflict. Southern separatism in defense of slavery culminated in 1860–61, when 11 Southern states (South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, North Carolina, Virginia, and Tennessee) seceded from the Union and formed the Confederate States of America. In response, the white South rose to an unqualified defense of its “peculiar institution,” supporting it on the grounds of biblical sanction, economic justification, the supposed racial inferiority of Black people, and the necessity for a well-ordered society. In the period between the American Revolution (1775–83) and about 1830, the North, spurred by the abolitionists, passed from mild opposition to strong condemnation of slavery. The Southern social philosophy, holding to an ideal of rural gentry, presented a sharp contrast to that of the North: it stressed a genteel, aristocratic lifestyle rather than one based on the earnest accumulation of money. ![]() United States: The South of the United StatesĮconomically, the antebellum and cotton-oriented South looked to the British textile industry for its market and opposed the growing politico-economic power of the industrializing North. SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians.COVID-19 Portal While this global health crisis continues to evolve, it can be useful to look to past pandemics to better understand how to respond today.Student Portal Britannica is the ultimate student resource for key school subjects like history, government, literature, and more.This Time in History In these videos, find out what happened this month (or any month!) in history. ![]() #WTFact Videos In #WTFact Britannica shares some of the most bizarre facts we can find.Demystified Videos In Demystified, Britannica has all the answers to your burning questions. ![]() ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |